Hebron is one of the oldest cities in Israel, located 32 KM (20 miles) southwest of Jerusalem. It is the tallest biblical city, with an approximate height of 900 m (3000 ft). Hebron was established in the early 18th century BC and was owned by Het's sons. Abraham, who lived there for a time, built an altar to God.
In 1968, the re-established Jewish community in Hebron was linked to the nearby community of Kiryat Arba. After the liberation of Hebron in 1967, Major General Rabbi Shlomo Goren, the chief rabbi of the Israel Defense Forces, was the first Jew to enter Machpela's tomb. During the Muslim period, Hebron retained its importance due to the veneration of patriarchs, especially Abraham; for the same reason, it was respected by the Crusaders, who called it Castellum ad Sanctum Abraham. Beit Hadassah is a famous monument in Hebron since it was here that the re-establishment of the Jewish presence began in May 1979. The Jews returned to Hebron only after the six-day war (196), after the city returned to Israeli control.
Later, the Crusaders converted it into a church (1100), and called it Saint Abraham d'Hebron. The stones used to build the walls were gigantic, which earned it the name “Cyclopean wall” (wall of giants, named after the biblical “Anacos of Hebron”). Absalom sent spies to all the tribes of Israel, saying: As soon as you hear the sound of the trumpet, you will say: Absalom reigns in Hebron. After the creation of the State of Israel in 1948 and the invasion of Arab armies, Hebron was captured and occupied by the Jordanian Arab Legion.
Therefore, according to Josephus Flavius and other historians of his time (Ptolemy and Strabo of Amesia), the Hasmoneans converted cities and towns around Hebron and Beersheba to Judaism. For more information on Roman roads near Hebron, see PEF report (volume II, sheet XXI, pp. 316-31). David quickly went to ancient city of Hebron in Judah where people declared him king (1010 BC).
C.). The victims of 1929 riots as well as prominent rabbinic scholars and community figures are buried in former Jewish cemetery in Hebron. These riots caused 67 deaths and many injuries and spread to rest of country with 66 more deaths. The name Hebron may be based on Hebrew word Haver (friend) and Na'eh (pleasant), referring to Abraham. The ancient city was fortified with huge walls and excavations revealed traces from two different periods.
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